Securities Commission Malaysia (SC) cautions investors as it notes the emergence of digital token based fundraising activities \/ investment schemes in Malaysia and elsewhere, which may be referred to as \u201cinitial coin offerings\u201d, \u201cinitial token offerings\u201d, \u201ctoken pre-sale\u201d, \u201ctoken crowd-sale\u201d (collectively referred to as ICO schemes hereon).<\/p>\n
In a press statement yesterday, SC notes that ICO scheme operators typically raise funds through the issuance and sale of digital tokens, in exchange for investors paying for these tokens through virtual currencies, such as Bitcoin or Ethereum.\u00a0<\/p>\n
SC notes that while all ICO scheme operators seek to raise funds from investors, these schemes can be structured in many forms, which may include:<\/p>\n
\u2022 Direct investments in projects with an aim to enable token holders to participate in a share of the returns from the projects<\/p>\n
\u2022 Seeking funding through Foundations where investors are not entitled to seek any returns on their investments<\/p>\n
\u2022 Issuance of tokens which entitle the investors to enjoy rights to a future product or service generated by the project managed by the operator<\/p>\n
Investors should be mindful of the potential risks involved in ICOs schemes, and take note that:<\/p>\n
\u2022 Scheme operators may not have presence in Malaysia and it would be difficult to verify the authenticity of the scheme and the recovery of invested monies may be subject to foreign laws or regulations<\/p>\n
\u2022 Some ICO schemes and the parties involved operate online and may not be regulated, investors may be exposed to heightened risks of fraud, money laundering and terrorism financing<\/p>\n
\u2022 Digital tokens traded on a secondary market may give rise to risks of insufficient liquidity or volatile and opaque pricing<\/p>\n
\u2022 The structure of these ICO schemes might limit the legal protection and recourse for investors against scheme operators<\/p>\n
As the terms and features of ICO schemes may differ in each case, investors who wish to engage or invest in ICO schemes are reminded to seek legal or other professional advice if there are doubts on the legitimacy of these schemes.<\/p>\n
Investors should also fully understand the features of an ICO scheme, and carefully weigh the risks before parting with their monies. For example, investors should be aware that ICO scheme operators issues a whitepaper, which typically contains descriptions of the ICO scheme but may also carry disclaimers which absolve the operators from certain responsibilities and obligations.<\/p>\n
A list of activities regulated by SC and license holders can be found below:<\/p>\n